The figure above shows the relative risk of having had any mood disorder in the 12 months prior to the interview compared to Italy. Italy was used as the reference for comparison because the rates for mental health conditions were lower in Italy. Data were retrieved from The State of Mental Health in the European Union report presenting data from the  ESEMeD/MHEDEA project.
ESEMeD is a cross-sectional study in which 21,425 non-institutionalised adults were interviewed across six European countries. The interviews were based on the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). The CIDI is a comprehensive, fully standardized interview that can be used to assess mental disorders according to the definitions and criteria of ICD-10 and the DSM-IV .
Data show that compared to Italy, there is a significantly increased risk of any mood disorder in Belgium, France and the Netherlands.
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The current reference used by mental health professionals and physicians to diagnose mental disorders. This publication is often referred to as the DSM or DSM-IV)
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