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Drug use
Remarks

Lifetime prevalence (%) of psychoactive substance use among students, ages 15-16 years, in Norway and the EU-27 for selected drugs in 2003 (sources: ESPAD Study, Hibell et al., 2004; EMCDDA, 2005)

Country

Inhalants/ volatile substances

Amphetamines

Ecstasy

LSD & other hallucinogens

Cocaine

Heroin

Austria

14

4

3

2

2

1

Belgium

7

2

4

3

3

1

Bulgaria

3

2

3

2

2

1

Cyprus

18

0

0

0

0

0

Czech Republic

9

4

8

6

1

1

Denmark

8

4

2

1

2

1

Estonia

8

7

5

2

1

1

Finland

8

1

1

1

0

1

Francea

11

2

3

1

3

2

Germanyb

11

5

3

3

2

1

Greece

15

0

2

1

1

1

Hungary

5

3

3

2

1

1

Ireland

18

1

5

2

3

1

Italy

6

3

3

3

4

4

Latvia

7

3

3

1

1

1

Lithuania

5

5

2

2

1

1

Malta

16

1

1

1

1

1

Netherlands

6

1

5

2

3

1

Norway

5

2

2

1

1

1

Poland

9

5

3

2

2

2

Portugal

8

3

4

2

3

2

Romania

1

0

1

0

1

0

Slovakia

9

2

3

2

1

0

Slovenia

15

1

3

1

1

1

Spainc d

3

4

5

4

6

1

Sweden

8

1

2

1

1

1

United Kingdom

12

3

5

2

4

1

Countries without available data are not shown, data from Spain are not from the ESPAD study but from a comparable Spanish study.

a LSD & other hallucinogens: includes LSD only.

b For Germany figures are based in six regions only (Bavaria, Brandenburg, Berlin, Hesse, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and Thuringia).

c Ecstasy: includes other synthetic drugs. LSD & other hallucinogens: includes poppers/amyl nitrate.

d The sample size given for the survey is for a wider age range than 15 to 16 years.

Remarks

'The international comparability of the ESPAD schools survey is based on nationally representative samples of school classes with the goal of having at least 2400 participating students from the target group, and by standardising the target age group (between 15 and 16 years), the questionnaire, data collection in schools, assurance of anonymity and the time of year that data collection takes place' (Source: EMCDDA: Studies of youth and the schools population - Methods and definitions).
Harbers MM (RIVM). Lifetime prevalence (%) of psychoactive substance use among students, ages 15-16 years, in Norway and the EU-27, for selected drugs in 2003. In: EUPHIX, EUphact. Bilthoven: RIVM, <http://www.euphix.org>  EUphact\ Determinants of health\ Health behaviours\ Drug use, 11 February 2008.

EUPHIX, version 1.11, 17 December 2009
© RIVM, Bilthoven.


Literature and data sources

Literature and data sources

EMCDDA, European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. Statistical bulletin   2005.
Hibell B, Andersson B, Bjarnason T, Ahlström S, Balakireva O, Kokkevi A, et al. The ESPAD Report 2003; Alcohol and Other Drug use Among Students in 35 European Countries.  Stockholm: ISBN 91-7278-103-3 2004.